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When estimating the Mitral valve area utilizing the continuity equation, the presence of mitral regurge will __________ the calculated valve area.

Which of the following findings are not suggestive of aortic insufficiency?

Left ventricular volume overload is characterized by ______________.

Tricuspid valve cusps that are thickened and fixed in the half open position are suggestive of ______________.

Which of the following statements concerning aortic stenosis is false?

When cardiac output decreases, aortic valve pressure gradient ____________.

Which of the following statements concerning aortic stenosis is false?

There has been an increase in the incidence of endocarditis due to ________, which is associated with cardiac surgery, IV drug abuse and widespread use of intravascular technology.

ASD is a ________ lesion in the possible development of bacterial endocarditis.

The finding on the above M-Mode (Arrow) is suggestive of ______________.