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Consider a population of E. coli mutants that have a defect in their lacI gene, resulting in the production of a repressor protein that binds to the operator of the lac operon, but does not bind to lactose itself. If you placed these cells in a growth media containing lactose, what would happen?

Which of the following contributes to healthcare-associated infections?

Optional 2 points of extra credit: Write your own short answer or essay question, and then answer it! Relax; this is meant to be a “choose your own topic” like on the last exam, but worded slightly differently for hopefully better success on my part. Alternately, pick any one topic you studied for this exam but I didn’t ask, and explain that topic to demonstrate your knowledge of it. Please write a complete answer that is a full paragraph with a minimum of 4-5 sentences; do not use bullet points! Note the question is set to 0 points so that it will count as actual extra credit (numerator only, not denominator) when I grade these.

Passive diffusion requires no energy input from the cell.

This question has two parts.  You must answer both parts to receive full credit. 1) Describe the endomembrane system. Make sure you list each component AND briefly describe the function of each component.  2) What are the two common properties that all components of the endomembrane system share?

Tissue regeneration can be roughly broken up into three steps: Inflammation, organization, and regeneration/fibrosis. Describe what occurs in each of those three steps.

Which tissue type is formed by many cells fusing together to form a fiber, and each fiber containing many nuclei?

Which of the following transport mechanisms would not be restricted (limited) by low levels of ATP?

     Match the following functions to the organelle indicated by the letter (you may use an answer more than once):

A substance absorbed or secreted by your body will likely pass through which tissue type?