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CASE 5:  A 7-year-old boy is taken to the emergency room by his mother after she finds him unresponsive in his bed. She states that her son was sent home from school 3 days earlier after showing flu-like symptoms. He awoke the next morning with body aches, a cough, a sore throat, and a runny nose. After 2 days of taking over-the-counter children’s cold medicine, he had not improved. Upon arriving at the hospital, he is dehydrated, pale, and shaky. The physician notes that he is wheezing and has slight difficulty breathing. A chest X-ray indicates pneumonia of the right lung, which is subsequently determined to be viral. The physician prescribes Tamiflu to help the patient. Tamiflu is a neuramindase inhibitor and helps the body by ____.

All of the following are benefits of using phage therapy instead of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections EXCEPT:

CASE 1:  A 40-year-old hospital patient begins complaining of painful urination. She had been admitted to the hospital three days prior for a surgical procedure that required the use of a catheter. A urine specimen is collected and analyzed. Pink cells in the Gram stain suggest that the pathogen is E. coli. Blood tests suggest that the patient has elevated levels of activated complement proteins. Given the diagnosis, what may be causing the complement activation?

Both Enterobius and Dirofilaria would be classified as _____.

CASE 5:  A 7-year-old boy is taken to the emergency room by his mother after she finds him unresponsive in his bed. She states that her son was sent home from school 3 days earlier after showing flu-like symptoms. He awoke the next morning with body aches, a cough, a sore throat, and a runny nose. After 2 days of taking over-the-counter children’s cold medicine, he had not improved. Upon arriving at the hospital, he is dehydrated, pale, and shaky. The physician notes that he is wheezing and has slight difficulty breathing. A chest X-ray indicates pneumonia of the right lung, which is subsequently determined to be viral. As the patient’s immune defenses begin to act, which of the following is probably NOT occurring?

CASE 5:  A 7-year-old boy is taken to the emergency room by his mother after she finds him unresponsive in his bed. She states that her son was sent home from school 3 days earlier after showing flu-like symptoms. He awoke the next morning with body aches, a cough, a sore throat, and a runny nose. After 2 days of taking over-the-counter children’s cold medicine, he had not improved. Upon arriving at the hospital, he is dehydrated, pale, and shaky. The physician notes that he is wheezing and has slight difficulty breathing. A chest X-ray indicates pneumonia of the right lung, which is subsequently determined to be viral. The rapid and intense onset of signs and symptoms following exposure to the virus suggests that the infection is _____.

Which phagocytic cells are the body’s first responders, arriving at the site of tissue damage and inflammation first?

What is the function of the B cell receptor?

CASE 5:  A 7-year-old boy is taken to the emergency room by his mother after she finds him unresponsive in his bed. She states that her son was sent home from school 3 days earlier after showing flu-like symptoms. He awoke the next morning with body aches, a cough, a sore throat, and a runny nose. After 2 days of taking over-the-counter children’s cold medicine, he had not improved. Upon arriving at the hospital, he is dehydrated, pale, and shaky. The physician notes that he is wheezing and has slight difficulty breathing. A chest X-ray indicates pneumonia of the right lung, which is subsequently determined to be viral. Molecular examination of the virus also reveals the presence of phospholipids. Based upon this information you can reasonably conclude that the virus _____.

CASE 2:  An 80-year-old male is transferred from a nursing home to the hospital because of a severe lower respiratory infection. He is experiencing chest pain, chills, fever, and shortness of breath. He has a productive cough (meaning that he is coughing up sputum). A Gram stain of the sputum reveals numerous short chains of purple cells. The Gram stain results suggest that the organism may be _____.