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What fundamental concept states that in a horizontal sequence of conformable sedimentary strata, each higher bed is younger than the bed below it?

When mineral-rich groundwater permeates porous tissue, such as bone or wood, this is called ________.

Once a hurricane makes landfall, it ________.

Assume that man’s recorded history can be stretched back to 4600 years before the present. This is approximately what fraction of geologic time?

________ refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking.

The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ________.

The Mercalli earthquake magnitude scale is based on the total amount of energy released by the earthquake.

The ________ is the idea or concept that ancient life forms succeeded each other in a definite, evolutionary pattern and that the contained assemblage of fossils can determine geologic ages of strata.

Once a hurricane makes landfall, it ________.

Rock cleavage or slaty cleavage in slates is largely a consequence of abundant, parallel-aligned, very fine-grained mica flakes in the rock.