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Given the information in the previous questions regarding contact angle and the bioactivity of adsorbed proteins on each surface,  infer the relative amount of cell adhesion (in terms of number of cells adhered as lowest, highest, moderate/in the middle) you expect on each surface and EXPLAIN briefly why.   In your answer, please list A, B, and C with a specific answer for each. A –   B –   C –

Do the polymers shown in Question 8 undergo biodegradation? (write yes or no) If yes, which one of the two erosion mechanisms does each of the three polymers undergo in an aqueous solution?  If no, state how you could alter the material to allow biodegradation.  Please list a, b, and c and then your answers for each. a) b) c)

After characterizing structural morphology, you determine pore properties of the scaffolds and you find that the scaffold produced using the approach shown in Figure A in question 12 has two pore-related problems that make it unsuitable for tissue engineering use. What are the problems likely to be? 

According to Gibbs Law of free energy:  ∆G = ∆H – T(∆ S)  In order for protein adsorption to occur spontaneously, ∆G must be a positive number.

The images below show MSCs on two different surfaces (A and B).  Which material is more favorable for MSC adhesion?  Explain two reasons why you can conclude this.   

Alginate is a natural polysaccharide material that forms a very hydrophilic hydrogel that resists protein adsorption, yet due to being a natural material, mammalian cells will recognize it directly.

During human embryonic development, the notochord goes on to become the brain and spinal cord.

List 2 reasons why we want scaffolds to degrade in tissue engineering.  Also, name 2 ways properties of a scaffold may change as it degrades.  

Jackson has experienced a stroke. He is found to have left hemiparesis (weakness on the left side of the body). He is also having difficulty perceiving vibration on the left side of his body. He can speak clearly and is able to respond to complicated verbal commands. Based on the physical exam findings, what specific area(s) of Jackson’s brain have been damaged as a result of his stroke? [Answer in 2-4 sentences]. 

In the micturition reflex urine is actively expelled from the bladder (smooth muscle). The postganglionic neuron releases acetylcholine, which binds to muscarinic receptors and causes the bladder muscle to contract. In someone who experiences urine leakage (incontinence) would you administer a muscarinic antagonist or agonist. Explain your reasoning.