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Where is the L-type calcium channel physically expressed in the cell?

A 70 y/o man presents with a 1 month history of worsening dyspnea, orthopnea, lower extremity edema, and unintentional weight gain. On examination, the patient is afebrile, has bibasilar rales, S3 gallop, and pitting edema in the lower extremities. Chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema. Which one of the following conditions is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

A patient has a large mass on his heart valve and blood cultures are positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Which one of the following treatment courses is most appropriate? Tx = treatment.

Given the ECG tracing in a person who is unresponsive to stimulation, what is the diagnosis?

A 35 yo woman presents with shortness of breath, JVD, tachycardia, rales, hepatomegaly, and peripheral edema. Other findings on physical examination include exophthalmos and generalized thyromegaly (without any nodules). In the last few weeks, she has lost 10 lbs without dieting, sleeps poorly, and has developed irregular menses. Her co-workers describe her as emotionally “irritable.” What is the underlying pathophysiology of her cardio-pulmonary findings?

Which one of the following septal openings arises first during formation of the heart chambers?

The image shows a section of lung stained with H&E. Which cell expresses selectins that are essential for the extravasation of leukocytes?

What is the mode of action of milrinone?

An 82 yo woman presents with acute shortness of breath and cough. She has been bedridden because she recently broke her hip and underwent surgery. Which one of the following conditions is the least likely explanation for her shortness of breath and cough?

Pictured is a sound tracing of a heart murmur. Identify the murmur.