Janet, an African American female, fell at the mall shopping…

Janet, an African American female, fell at the mall shopping and was transported to an urgent care center to be examined.  The x-rays were negative for fracture, and Janet was not prescribed anything for her pain.  At the urgent care center where Janet was treated, the health-care providers were aware that this type of injury can be painful.  According to recent studies within health care, failure to offer Janet pain medication could be a form of: