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Consider the following three biases: confirmation bias, social desirability bias, and voluntary response bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Consider the following three biases: confirmation bias, observer bias, and recall bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Consider the following three biases: confirmation bias, observer bias, and voluntary response bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Consider the following three biases: confirmation bias, observer bias, and social desirability bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Consider the following situation: you are designing a new digital tool for students to use to evaluate their instructors and classes at the end of each semester. First, analyze this situation from the perspective of the stakeholders involved in this design. As part of that analysis, you should identify at least one primary stakeholder, two secondary stakeholders, and three tertiary stakeholders. For each, briefly describe why you define them as a primary, secondary, or tertiary stakeholder. Second, for one of those tertiary stakeholders, describe how keeping that tertiary stakeholder in mind might alter the design compared to if you did not consider that tertiary stakeholder. Third, describe one instance where the interests of two stakeholders might be in conflict and why. Note that there is no single right answer we are looking for on this question: we are not grading based on whether you name the same stakeholders we have in mind. Rather, we are looking for you to demonstrate your understanding of the different types of stakeholders, as well as the value of considering then in your design process. You may add details or articulate your assumptions in your answer as necessary to allow you to demonstrate your understanding.

Consider the following situation: you are designing a new digital tool for rideshare passengers to use to evaluate the quality of service they received from a driver. First, analyze this situation from the perspective of the stakeholders involved in this design. As part of that analysis, you should identify at least one primary stakeholder, two secondary stakeholders, and three tertiary stakeholders. For each, briefly describe why you define them as a primary, secondary, or tertiary stakeholder. Second, for one of those tertiary stakeholders, describe how keeping that tertiary stakeholder in mind might alter the design compared to if you did not consider that tertiary stakeholder. Third, describe one instance where the interests of two stakeholders might be in conflict and why. Note that there is no single right answer we are looking for on this question: we are not grading based on whether you name the same stakeholders we have in mind. Rather, we are looking for you to demonstrate your understanding of the different types of stakeholders, as well as the value of considering then in your design process. You may add details or articulate your assumptions in your answer as necessary to allow you to demonstrate your understanding.

Consider the following three biases: observer bias, social desirability bias, and voluntary response bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Consider the following three biases: observer bias, social desirability bias, and recall bias. For each bias: first briefly define that bias. Second, describe a needfinding scenario where that bias might occur and how it might affect the results of the needfinding exercise. Third, describe how the researcher might revise the situation to mitigate that bias. Do these three things for each of the three biases.

Chapter 4 of I. Scott MacKenzie’s Human-Computer Interaction: An Empirical Research Perspective and “Survey Research in HCI” by Hendrik Müller, Aaron Sedley, and Elizabeth Ferrall-Nunge together provide a strong overview of the use of surveys in human-computer interaction research. Imagine you are running a study where you want to evaluate virtual assistant systems (e.g. Amazon Alexa, Google Home, Apple Homepod, etc.) about their use habits. Because you want to evaluate a variety of tools, you opt for survey research. First, describe some data you will seek to gather from this survey. The data you gather must include at least one example each of nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio, and qualitative data. Make sure to identify which data are of each type. Then, describe who the study’s population, sampling frame, sample, and respondents would be, and how each of those categories is derived from the previous one. Finally, describe at least two reasons your study’s findings might not be generalizable, either due to issues of validity or due to potential biases. Remember, our goal is to assess your understanding of the relevant course concepts, not compare your answer to a pre-established list of correct answers. You may articulate your assumptions or add additional details necessary to allow you to demonstrate you understanding.

24. The nurse is monitoring a postpartum client who delivered a 7 pound 5 ounce baby girl at 0536. The client had an epidural for the delivery, the epidural medication was stopped 30 minutes after delivery.  0630 Assessment: Fundus firm and at the height of the umbilicus Perineal pad has a 4 cm x 4 cm area of lochia rubra Client is complaining of chills and is noticeably shaking Client is complaining of lower abdomen and lower back pain at 2 out of 10 0730 Assessment:  Fundus firm, deviated to the right of midline Perineal pad is 90% saturated with lochia rubra Client is complaining of lower abdomen and lower back pain at 7 out of 10 Client is requesting help with breastfeeding her baby What should the nurse do first?