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When the energy inputs or the overall matter and storage within the system fluctuates around an average with a long-term trend, the system is in ______.

When the system undergoes an abrupt change, it is said to have reached a

A system is any set of ordered, interrelated components and their attributes, linked by flows of ______, as distinct from the surrounding environment.

A positive feedback loop ______ change in the system.

A closed system is shut off from ______ so that it is self-contained.

A negative feedback loop ______ change in the system.

When the energy inputs or the overall matter and storage within the system fluctuates over short time periods but maintains a stable average over the long term, the system is in ______.

In an open system, inputs of ______ flow into the system, and outputs of energy and matter flow out from the system.

The earth system is best described as ______ with regard to energy flows.

The earth system is best described as ______ with regard to material flows, with the exception of tiny amounts of atmospheric gases , meteors, and cosmic dust.