Author: Anonymous

What is a common beneficial effect of enalapril and metoprolol in the treatment of heart failure?

A 66 yo man suffers an inferior-wall ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) which is treated with emergent coronary stenting. Five days after the STEMI, he suddenly develops a systolic murmur heard at the apex. What is the cause of the murmur?

The cardiovascular responses of a well-trained athlete are being studied during a marathon. Just before the athlete runs, heart rate (60 beats/min), blood pressure (110/80 mm Hg), and cardiac output (4.2 L/min) are recorded. What is the patient’s resting stroke volume (mls/stroke)?

A 56 yo man is involved in a automobile accident. He is brought to the emergency department complaining of chest discomfort. He has a sharp, stabbing chest discomfort, that radiates to his back. It has been intermittent in nature. His BP is 167/87 mmHg in the right, arm and 136/76 mmHg in the left arm. His pulse is 105 bpm and he is afebrile. On auscultation he has a 3/6 diastolic murmur in the left upper sternal border. Which test is most likely to confirm your diagnostic suspicion?

A 42 year old man with a history of rheumatic fever as a child is awaiting valve replacement surgery to treat chronic mitral valve stenosis. He is severely short of breath, with rales and crackles audible over both lungs. There is pitting edema of the lower extremities and ascites in his abdomen. Which of the following forces is most likely causing the edema in this patient?

Increased sympathetic nervous system tone to the heart (and not to other areas) would be expected to:

Pulse pressure in the aorta increases with advancing age. Which one of the following mechanisms contributes to this age-related increase in aortic pulse pressure?

Prior to birth, pulmonary arterial blood flow is restricted (e.g., limited) primarily by which one of the following structures or situations?

Which one of the following choices are conditions that INCREASE the secretion of RENIN from the kidney?

A 72 year old diabetic, hypertensive man (ex-smoker) presents with a history of crushing substernal chest pain 5 days ago, that has now resolved. His cardiac troponin T is 0.2 ng/mL (reference interval: