Author: Anonymous

It is August. An afebrile 37 y/o man who lives in Brownsville, Texas experiences the acute onset of left-sided flank pain that radiates to the groin. He works as a roofer. His urinalysis reveals the following: 1+ protein (normal: negative), 3+ blood (normal: negative), few white blood cells and sheets of RBCs (normal: no cells), no bacteruria (normal: no bacteria), negative leukocyte esterase (normal: negative), negative nitrite (normal: negative) and no renal tubular cells (normal: no renal tubular cells). What is the most likely diagnosis?

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have been used as diuretics. They have proven to be effective in treating glaucoma. From your knowledge of the nephron, what actions would such inhibitors have on the kidney?

A wheezing 65 year old female with a history of asthma presents with renal failure. The eosinophil count is markedly elevated. A renal biopsy shows necrotizing glomerulonephritis with cellular crescents and little to no staining for immunoglobulins and complement on immunofluorescence. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient is admitted with severe hyperglycemia. You administer intravenous insulin to correct the serum glucose. Which one of the following changes is most likely to result from the insulin injection?

The presence of what type of cell in the urine is not specific for but most suggestive of an allergic or drug-reaction causing interstitial nephritis?

What is the cause of transient diabetes insipidus of pregnancy?

An elderly patient’s blood pressure is repeatedly 170 / 80 mmHg. Desirable BP is -80 mmHg. Of the choices provided, what is the most likely cause for the patient’s hypertension?

Which one of the following findings are the most specific for glomerular disease?

What is the major mechanism whereby lupus nephritis damages the kidney?

A marathon runner collapses near the finish line. The runner took in 2 liters of water orally per hour during their 4 hour run. Assuming that they collapsed due to an electrolyte disorder, which is the most likely cause of his collapse?