Author: Anonymous

Generally speaking, a narrow span of management implies that the height of the organization will be ____; a wide span of management implies that the height of the organization will be ____.

Ford Motor Company’s marketing department has recently been restructured to implement a brand management strategy. This is an example of departmentalization by product.

Target has several layers of management in between the entry-level management position and CEO. This implies that the span of management for each manager is relatively narrow and the organizational height of Target is tall.

Q43.  Peter and Rosemary Grant studied the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) on Daphne Major.  These field researchers documented how a two-year drought produced a measurable increase in average beak depth.  When the drought was over, they measured a decrease in average beak depth.   They documented selection for a change in beak depth over a relatively short period of time. They also showed that the direction of selection changed as the environment changed.    To be scored “true” the statement must be true in its entirety.  If any part of a statement is false, then the entire answer should be scored false.  

Gina Robinson, Inc. (GRI)GRI management has decided to reinvent the culture of the organization. Previously, the company tried to make jobs more appealing by adding more responsibilities to each job description. However, this did not work. Next, the company decided to add flextime. It believed that this would make employees more dedicated.GRI then introduced even more work options for employees. For example, management decided to group all full-time employees into teams to allow employees with different backgrounds to learn from each other. Many different kinds of teams were allowed, as long as the group members did not interact via the Internet or any other electronic means. The managers reasoned that team members must work face to face to learn from and truly engage with each other.Once these teams were formed, GRI management noticed that the quality of employees’ work was much improved. The managers also observed that people felt much more comfortable with and tolerant of each other. Refer to Gina Robinson, Inc. Previously, what technique did GRI management try in order to make jobs more appealing?

The human resource manager of one of Hershey Foods’ production facilities has been noticing an increase in absenteeism among assembly-line workers in the chocolate bar plant. Switching to a job rotation system would probably significantly decrease the amount of absenteeism.

Committees are necessary in an organization but do not offer any advantages over individual decisions and actions.

Q#4. Science is a system for deriving reliable, systematic knowledge about natural phenomena emphasizes explicit methods for data collection and analysis that can be replicated by independent observers requires that all assertions (hypotheses) are subject to challenge & testing explanations derived from different levels of analysis fit into a single unified system of knowledge (e.g. knowledge generated by physicists, chemists and biologists fit  together into a single, unified system)  all of these statements describe aspects of science

The amount of products or services an organization can produce in a given time is known as its capacity.

Q46.  The 2.1.3.3. dental formula of 33 million-year-old Aegyptopithecus (from the Fayum site in Egypt) shows that this fossil primate is an early catarrhine with just two premolars.  This means Aegyptopithecus is too derived to be an ancestor of New World monkeys (which always have 3 premolars).  However it could be an ancestor (or the close cousin of the ancestor) of all modern Old World monkeys, apes and humans which also have the 2.1.2.3 dental formula.